Pseudocyphellaria norvegica (Gyelnik) P. James

Kystprikklav

World distribution: Pseudocyphellaria norvegica occurs in northwest Europe, Madeira, the Azores, and Chile. It shows a western British Isles to western Norway disjunct distribution (Coppins & James 1979, Purvis 1992f). In Fennoscandia the species is restricted to Norway (cf. Santesson 1993)

Ecology: Results. The substrate (indicated in 24 localities) was rock (20) and trees (4). When saxicolous, it occurred on more or less moss covered, shaded rock walls (17) and boulders (1). When corticolous, it occurred on Fraxinus excelsior (2; including one fallen trunk laying on the ground), a Populus tremula trunk (1), and on mosses on a horizontal trunk of a deciduous tree (1). The habitat (17 localities) was broad-leaved deciduous forests (2), Betula forests (2), unspecified deciduous forests (2), Corylus avellana-Fraxinus excelsior forests (1), Fagus sylvatica forests (1), ravines (5; including two close to the sea), maritime rocks (3), a steep slope with Juniperus and small vertical rock walls (1), and a scree (1). The habitats were sheltered or, in a few sites, exposed. Recorded aspects were northeastern (5), western (3), northern (3), southwestern (3), and northwestern (1). Discussion. Pseudocyphellaria norvegica is a species of more or less moss covered, usually shaded rock walls in deciduous woodlands, mainly broad-leaved deciduous forests. It may also be corticolous. It usually avoids too much direct sun and is mostly found in shaded to medium-shaded situations. In the British Isles, Pseudocyphellaria norvegica occurs on moist, sheltered tree trunks and moss covered rocks, often near water, or in Salix carrs and Corylus groves (Purvis 1992f)

Threats: Results. Recorded threats in extant localities or localities with uncertain status include building on the site (1510, 2269, 3536), abrasion by man (2269, 3246), logging (3548), planting of Picea (2274), and air pollution (2279). Discussion. In some localities (e.g. 1958, 2263), extensive collecting in the first half of this century may have led to local extinction

Status: Eighteen old localities were investigated. The species was found in 8, apparently extinct from 9, and of uncertain status in 1. Six new localities were discovered. The abundance is high in several of the presently known localities. One site where the species is apparently extinct (1952) is within a nature reserve

Specimens in other herbaria, litterature, etc.