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Prithiviraj, B./ E. Manikandan/ G. N. Hariharan/ K. G. M. Nair 2011: Elemental accumulation patterns of the lichen species Physcia tribacoides Nyl., Heterodermia dissecta and Bacidia beckhausii Körber from the Walayar RF region, Tamil Nadu, India. - International Journal of PIXE 21(3/4): 133-144. [RLL List # 230 / Rec.# 34331]
Abstract: ABSTRACT Lichens have been used extensively as biomonitors of air quality (Richardson 1992; Seaward 1995, 2005). Lichen thalli lack a protective layer and hence accumulate airborne pollutants and particulate matter from the environment by wet and dry deposition (Nash 1996). The elements accumulated on lichen thalli can be quantitatively analysed using techniques such as Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Electron probe microanalysis. These techniques yield two-dimensional, quantitative element information with micron-level spatial resolution. This study used Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and PIXE to quantify elements accumulated on lichen thalli of selected species collected from polluted and unpolluted areas of the Madukkarai Walayar forests. Thalli of selected lichen species from the study site (polluted and unpolluted) were irradiated using 1.7 MV tandem accelerator with Proton beam energy of 2 MeV. The ion induced X-Rays were detected by Si (Li) semiconductor detector. The morphological analysis and localization of elements accumulated on these lichen samples were also carried out with the use of a SEM-EDX microanalysis using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) as supporting evidence. PIXE spectral elemental output revealed the presence of elements such as As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Zn, Cl, Ti, Cr and Pd with the incidence of increased Calcium levels. IAEA 336 lichen reference material was used for standardization.
URL: www.worldscientific.com/doi/pdfplus/.../S0129083511002252
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