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Aptroot, A. 2014: Two new genera of Arthoniales from New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, with the description of eight further species. - The Bryologist 117(3): 282-289. [RLL List # 240 / Rec.# 36431]
Keywords: Glyphopsis/ Byssoloma/ Cliostomum/ Megalotremis/ Pyrenula/ Gossypiothallon/ Crocynia/ Pyrenidium/ Siphula
Abstract: Two new genera in the Arthoniales are described from the Pacific Islands. Glyphopsis, with the new species G. aurantiodisca from New Caledonia is characterized by a thallus containing divaricatic acid and zeorin and sessile grouped ascomata with bright orange discs and raised lecanorine margins, and the ascospores hyaline and muriform. Gossypiothallon, with the new species G. appendisporum from the Solomon Islands is characterized by a byssoid thallus containing zeorin and pedicillate, simple ascomata with pale pink discs, without differentiated margins and hyaline, bacillar, 3-septate ascospores with two polar, usually curved gelatinous appendages. Eight further corticolous crustose lichens are described from either New Caledonia or the Solomon Islands. Byssoloma xanthonicum is characterized by a thallus containing norstictic acid and lichexanthone and 3-septate ascospores. Cliostomum ovocarpum has orange yellow, convex apothecia and 1-septate ascospores. Crocynia minutiloba has palmately branched lobes on a thick whitish byssoid hypothallus and flat lecideoid apothecia. Megalotremis dolabarata has superficial cylindrical grey pycnidia and simple ellipsoid conidia. Pyrenula filiformis has a thallus with pseudocyphellae covering most part of the ascomata and 11–17-septate, slender fusiform to slightly clavate ascospores. Pyrenula mastigophora has 5-septate ascospores with an up to 25 µm long tail at the lower end. Pyrenula spissitunicata has a thallus with lichexanthone, fused ascomata with common ostioles covered by thallus and ascospores resembling a Pyrgillus. The lichenicolous fungus Pyrenidium coccineum (parasitic on Siphula decumbens) has red ascomata which stain herbarium boxes blue.
Countries/Continents: New Caledonia/Solomon Islands
Notes: New: Glyphopsis Aptroot (type G. aurantiodisca), Glyphopsis aurantiodisca Aptroot (from New Caledonia), Gossypiothallon Aptroot (type G. appendisporum), Gossypiothallon appendisporum Aptroot (from Solomon Islands), Byssoloma xanthonicum Aptroot (from New Caledonia), Cliostomum ovocarpum Aptroot (from New Caledonia), Crocynia minutiloba Aptroot (from Solomon Islands), Megalotremis dolabrata Aptroot [listed as "dolabarata" in abstract] (from New Caledonia), Pyrenidium coccineum Aptroot (on Siphula decumbens Nyl., from Solomon Islands), Pyrenula filiformis Aptroot (from New Caledonia), Pyrenula mastigophora Aptroot (from Solomon Islands), Pyrenula spissitunicata Aptroot (from Solomon Islands).
URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1639/0007-2745-117.3.282
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