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Leavitt, S.D./ Esslinger, T.L./ Divakar, P.K./ Crespo, A./ Lumbsch, H.T. 2016: Hidden diversity before our eyes: Delimiting and describing cryptic lichen-forming fungal species in camouflage lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota). - Fungal Biology 120(11): 1374-1391. [RLL List # 245 / Rec.# 38257]
Keywords: Coalescent theory/ DNA barcoding/ Integrative taxonomy/ Molecular taxonomy/ Parmeliaceae/ Species delimitation
Abstract: Molecular data provide unprecedented insight into diversity of lichenized fungi, although morphologically cryptic species-level lineages circumscribed from sequence data often remain undescribed even in well-studies groups. Using diagnostic characters from DNA sequence data and support from the multispecies coalescent model, we formally describe a total of eleven new species and resurrect two others in the hyperdiverse lichen-forming fungal family Parmeliaceae. These include: four in the genus Melanelixia – M. ahtii sp. nov., M. epilosa comb. nov., M. hawksworthii sp. nov., and M. robertsoniorum sp. nov.; six in Melanohalea – M. austroamericana sp. nov., M. beringiana sp. nov., M. clari sp. nov., M. columbiana sp. nov., M. davidii sp. nov., and M. tahltan sp. nov.; and three species in Montanelia – M. occultipanniformis sp. nov., M. saximontana comb. nov., and M. secwepemc sp. nov. Morphological, ecological and geographical features were revised to corroborate species descriptions. These species can consistently be distinguished by differences in nucleotide position characters in the fungal barcoding marker (ITS) and high speciation probabilities. This study helps close the “taxonomic gap” between molecular species delimitation studies and formal taxonomy by incorporating statistical evaluation of lineage independence, diagnostic differences in DNA data, and additional consideration of differences in morphology and species distributions.
– doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2016.06.001

Notes: New: Melanelixia ahtii S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanelixia subargentifera), Melanelixia epilosa (J.Steiner) A.Crespo, Divakar, Gasparyan, V.J.Rico, Essl., S.Leavitt & Lumbsch (≡ Parmelia glabra var. epilosa J.Steiner; from Armenia and Georgia (type, not sequenced); morphologically indistinguishable from Melanelixia glabra), Melanelixia hawksworthii S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from United Kingdom; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanelixia fuliginosa s.l.); Melanelixia robertsoniorum S.Leavitt, Essl. Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanelixia glabratula), Melanohalea austroamericana Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo, S.Leavitt & Lumbsch (from Chile; morphologically similar to Melanohalea ushuaiensis), Melanohalea beringiana S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanohalea olivaceoides s.str.), Melanohalea Columbiana S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanohalea multispora), Melanohalea davidii S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from Spain; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanohalea exasperata), Melanohalea tahltan S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from Canada; morphologically indistinguishable from Melanohalea multispora), Montanelia occultipanniformis S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from Russia and U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Montanelia panniformis), Montanelia saximontana (R.Anderson & W.Weber) S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (≡ Parmelia saximontana R.Anderson & W.Weber; from U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Montanelia tominii s.str.), Montanelia secwepemc S.Leavitt, Essl., Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (from Canada and U.S.A.; morphologically indistinguishable from Montanelia tominii). Epitypified: Parmelia olivaceoides Krog.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878614616300630

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