Abstract

Elven, R. & Fremstad, E. 2000. Fremmede planter i Norge. Flerårige arter av slekten lupin Lupinus L. Blyttia 58: 10-22.
Alien plants in Norway. The perennial lupins Lupinus L.

Three perennial North American species of the genus Lupinus are at present spreading in Norway. The Garden Lupin, L. polyphyllus, has escaped from gardens, but is often so abundant along road verges that we suspect it also has been sown by road managers. It usually grows in disturbed sites, ruderal as well as naturally disturbed e.g., along rivers. The Garden Lupin has been found north to western Finnmark (70o N), North Norway. It is now common in Central and South Norway, but rare in the more continental parts. Lupinus nootkatensis and L. perennis are closely related, and Norwegian specimens are hard to keep apart. These two species originate from different parts of North America and should probably be considered as geographically vicariant, potentially interfertile subspecies. This potential interfertility is not realized in North America but seems to be realized in Norway, which is the only part of Europe where both are known to spread. Both species have a southwesternly distribution in Norway and are largely sympatric. This may be more a result of the site(s) of initial introduction rather than climatic preference or limitation, at least for L. nootkatensis which now occurs regularly also in some ruderal inland sites. In Stjørdal (Central Norway), the present northern limit for the species, it is naturalised on a salt marsh. Lupinus perennis is mainly found in the southernmost regions. It is particularly widespread in Rogaland in the southwest, and may have a climatic preference for areas with a temperate, oceanic climate. All species will probably continue to spread as the areas of ruderal sites are increasing in Norway.

Reidar Elven, Universitetet i Oslo, De naturhistoriske museer og botanisk hage, Sarsgt. 1, N-0562 Oslo
Eli Fremstad, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Vitenskapsmuseet, Institutt for naturhistorie, N-7491 Trondheim

Blyttia 58 (1)
Blyttias hjemmeside
Lagt ut 26.4.2000 JW